Whitepaper v4

A system that is built, not merely designed

v4 specifies PYRAX as it is implemented today — one binary across four chainspecs, a faithful simulation on real primitives, with the production consensus path wired end-to-end and honest about what remains gated behind external audit.

Whitepaper downloads are temporarily paused while v4 is undergoing formal revisions. You can explore the system overview and section outline below.

Abstract

PYRAX is a from-scratch, Rust-implemented Layer-1 organized around four properties most networks bolt on but PYRAX enforces as invariants: high throughput, privacy by default, full decentralization, and resistance to ISP-level surveillance. Consensus is a DAG ordered by GhostDAG, fed by a TriStream model — two proof-of-work families across four seal lanes plus proof-of-stake — and finalized by BLS-aggregated proof-of-stake BFT.

Value transfer is shielded by default with an Orchard-style note model and recursive zk-SNARKs that need no trusted setup. The peer layer is bootstrapless, traffic rides an onion Sphinx mixnet, execution scales through a multi-VM L2 (EVM, WASM, Cairo) and a recursive ZK-rollup L3, and the same idle GPUs that mine Stream B power PYRAX Compute, a verifiable on-chain-settled compute market.

Five north stars

Constraints, not aspirations — the foundation crates encode them so every later layer is built against them.

01

DAG, not a chain

A multi-parent DAG ordered by GhostDAG — honest parallel work is included, not orphaned.

02

Privacy by default

The default transaction hides sender, receiver, and amount with no-trusted-setup zk-SNARKs. Transparent is the exception.

03

No boot node

Peer discovery is bootstrapless — mDNS, Kademlia, peer exchange, and a signed seed list. No project server to join.

04

ISP-resistance

Traffic and services ride an onion Sphinx mixnet with fixed-size packets — an observer sees only uniform encrypted flows.

05

Open & verifiable

The protocol, consensus, ZK circuits, CLI, and SDK are Apache-2.0. A chain with secret rules is not trustless.

Two editions

The technical paper is the full specification. The plain-English edition explains the same system without the mathematics — start there if PYRAX is new to you.

Technical paper Under revision 19 sections · full specification · downloads paused for revision Coming soon
Plain-English edition Under revision the same system, no equations · downloads paused for revision Coming soon
Prefer the interactive tour? See Technology →
Technical paper · contents
  1. 01Design Goals — Five North Stars
  2. 02Architecture Overview
  3. 03Performance & Scalability
  4. 04Consensus: GhostDAG + TriStream + BLS PoS
  5. 05Privacy: Shielded by Default
  6. 06Execution: Multi-VM L2
  7. 07L3 — Recursive ZK Rollup
  8. 08Networking: Bootstrapless
  9. 09Metadata Privacy & Anonymous Services
  10. 10State, Storage & Proofs
  11. 11PYRAX Compute — Verifiable Market
  12. 12Crucible — Zero-Fee Mining
  13. 13NOVA — Autonomous Operations
  14. 14Tokenomics
  15. 15Governance & the DAO
  16. 16The Four Networks
  17. 17Wallet, Apps, CLI & SDK
  18. 18RPC Surface
  19. 19Cryptographic Primitives